Define Carnots theorem
Carnot's theorem (S. Carnot): The theorem that states that no engine operating between the two temperatures can be more proficient than a reversible engine.
Rayleigh-Jeans law: For a blackbody at the thermodynamic temperature T, the radiance R over a range of frequencies between the nu and nu + dnu is specified by: R = 2 pi nu2 k T/c2.<
Tachyon paradox: The argument explaining that tachyons (should they subsist, of course) can’t carry an electric charge. For an imaginary-massed particle travelling faster than c, less energy the tachyon has, the faster it travels, till at zero e
Boyle's law (R. Boyle; 1662); Mariotte's law (E. Mariotte; 1676) - The product result of the volume and pressure of an ideal gas at constant (steady) temperature is constant.
Assuming ideal gas: a) Calculate the average velocity of a nitrogen molecule at 298K and compare to the velocity of a helium molecule at the same conditions. b) Calculate the temperature wh
What do you mean by communication? Illustrate in brief.
Ultraviolet catastrophe: It is the shortcoming of Rayleigh-Jeans formula that attempted to explain the radiance of a blackbody at different frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum. This was clearly wrong since as the frequency rose, the radiance r
De Broglie wavelength (L. de Broglie; 1924): The prediction that particles too contain wave characteristics, where the efficient wavelength of the particle would be inversely proportional to its momentum, where the constant of the pro
Compton Effect (A.H. Compton; 1923): The effect which describes those photons (that is the quantum of electromagnetic radiation) has momentum. The photon fired at a stationary particle, like an electron, will communicate momentum to t
Give one benefit of a scanning electron microscope over the transmission electron microscope? Briefly explain it.
Brownian motion - The continuous random motion of a solid microscopic particle whenever suspended in a fluid medium due to the effect of ongoing bombardment by molecules and atoms.
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