Define Atwood's machine
Atwood's machine: The weight-and-pulley system devised to compute the acceleration due to gravity at Earth's surface by computing the total acceleration of a set of weights of identified mass about a frictionless pulley.
Photoelectric effect: An effect described by A. Einstein that demonstrates that light seems to be made up of particles, or photons. The light can excite electrons (termed as photoelectrons in this context) to be ejected from the metal. Light with a fr
Olbers' paradox (H. Olbers; 1826): If the Universe is infinite, consistent, and unchanging then the whole sky at night would be bright -- concerning as bright as the Sun. The further you stared out into space, the more stars there would be, and theref
Grandfather paradox: The paradox proposed to discount time travel and exhibit why it violates causality. State that your grand-father makes a time machine. In the current time, you employ his time machine to go back in time a few decades to a point be
Candela: The basic SI unit of luminous intensity stated as the luminous intensity in a given direction of a source which emits monochromatic photons of frequency 540 x 1012 Hz and encompasses a radiant intensity in the direction of 1/683 W/
Kerr effect (J. Kerr; 1875): The capability of certain substances to refract light waves in a different way whose vibrations are in dissimilar directions whenever the substance is located in an electric field.
Lyman series: The sequence that explains the emission spectrum of hydrogen whenever electrons are jumping to the ground state. Each and every line is in the ultraviolet.
Brewster's law (D. Brewster) - The extent or level of the polarization of light reflected from a transparent surface is maximum whenever the reflected ray is at right angle to the refracted ray.
Permittivity of free space: electric constant; epsilon_0: The ratio of the electric displacement to the intensity of the electric field generating it in vacuum. It is equivalent to 8.854 x 10-12 F/m.
Kirkwood gaps (Kirkwood): The gaps in the asteroid belt, caused by the resonance effects from Jupiter. Similar gaps are also exists in Saturn's rings, due to the resonance effects of the shepherd moons.
Briefly describe the reason why it takes longer to heat a bucket of water than the cup of water?
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