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Avian digestive tube

Explain the special structures of avian digestive tube and also their respective functions?

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Digestive tube of the birds has special structures:

a) The crop,

b) The proventriculus and

c) The gizzard.

Function of the crop is the temporary storage of the ingested food and it is generally a more dilated area of the avian esophagus. The proventriculus refers to the chemical stomach of birds where the food is mixed with the digestive enzymes. Gizzard is muscular pouch which serves as mechanical stomach where food is ground in order to increase the exposure area of food particles for the digestive enzymes to act.

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